Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the five thermoplastic universal plastics, has a wide range of applications in various fields, because of its outstanding durability and comprehensive performance advantages, as well as unique technical and economic characteristics, broad prospects for development. But it has poor thermal stability, low toughness at room temperature and is easy to fracture when impacted. Manufacturing high-performance PVC materials, especially high toughness PVC alloy, need to add toughening ingredients, that is, impact resistance modifier; Polyvinyl chloride belongs to polar polymer, melt viscosity, low thermal stability, not easy to high temperature plasticizing, for high strength non-plasticizing polyvinyl chloride material processing, the need to use plasticizing processing additives, so that the processing performance is improved.
This study aimed at the requirement of high performance of PVC material, the use of acrylic monomers, respectively with core-shell structure was synthesized polyacrylic ester (ACR), impact modifiers and polyacrylate plasticizing processing AIDS, by acrylic ester with chitosan (CTS) graft copolymerization, obtain copolymerization modified additives with shock and antibacterial functions. In this study, butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) as soft and hard monomers, potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, through the method of seed emulsion polymerization synthesis of soft core and hard shell anti-impact modifier I-ACR, chitosan (CTS) as a natural antibacterial agent, contains a variety of functional groups, highly reactive, can be oxidized, reduced, Grafting and other reactions. By comparing the properties of various chitosan, water-soluble chitosan with good properties was selected. Cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) was used to initiate chitosan to produce free radicals, and graft copolymerization reaction with MMA occurred.
Anti-pengubah suai kesan CTS-ACR telah disintesis melalui kopolimerisasi cantuman kitosan dan monomer akrilat dengan sifat antibakteria. Mengambil kandungan pepejal emulsi, kadar gel, kadar penukaran monomer dan sifat mekanikal ACR pada PVC sebagai indeks, pengaruh pengemulsi, pemula dan dos, nisbah penyusuan monomer keras dan lembut, suhu pempolimeran dan masa tindak balas pada sifat ACR kedua-duanya. sistem disiasat untuk menentukan keadaan sintesis terbaik dan kaedah cuba kering yang mudah menjadi serbuk. Struktur ACR dicirikan oleh spektroskopi inframerah (IR), suhu peralihan kaca berbilang telah disiasat oleh kalorimetri pengimbasan haba pembezaan (DSC), dan saiz zarah dan pengedaran emulsi diukur oleh penganalisis saiz zarah laser. Bantuan pemprosesan P-ACR dengan berat molekul tinggi telah disintesis melalui pempolimeran emulsi dengan kelikatan ciri sebagai indeks utama.
The preparation and properties of P - ACR test: with BA, MMA as the monomer, potassium persulfate as initiator, synthesis of P - ACR resin by using the method of emulsion polymerization, with P - characteristic viscosity of ACR resin as the main index, the various factors in the emulsion polymerization system and the relationship between polymer molecular weight, get used to this system the following conclusions: (1) appropriate emulsifier The molecular weight of P-ACR can be increased by adding more emulsifiers, but too much emulsifier is not conducive to the increase of molecular weight. (2) The increase of initiator concentration will decrease the molecular weight of P-ACR; (3) Low polymerization temperature is beneficial to increase the molecular weight of P-ACR; (4) Prolonging the reaction time can increase the molecular weight of P-ACR under the improved polymerization process; (5) With the increase of BA feed quantity, p-ACR molecular quantity increases. Three kinds of polyacrylate polymers were blended with polyvinyl chloride to obtain the blend material. The effects of mixing time and temperature on mechanical properties of PVC/ACR blends were tested.
Rintangan hentaman, sifat tegangan dan rintangan haba PVC yang diubah suai dengan pengubah hentaman ACR berbeza telah diuji. Penyerakan adunan diperhatikan dengan mengimbas mikroskop elektron, dan patah rapuh atau mulur bahagian hentaman adunan diperhatikan. Kedua-dua pengubah impak ACR jelas boleh meningkatkan rintangan hentaman PVC. Dengan pertambahan bilangan ACR, keliatan PVC meningkat dan sifat mekanikal I-ACR adalah lebih baik sedikit daripada CTS-ACR. Sifat antibakteria bahan PVC/CTS-ACR telah diuji dan didapati bahawa bahan adunan mempunyai sifat antibakteria yang sangat baik. Telah didapati bahawa P-ACR jelas boleh meningkatkan sifat pemprosesan PVC. Lebih banyak P-ACR, lebih baik sifat pemprosesan PVC.
